Introduction to the Oxygen-Carbon Lance

Basic Overview

The oxygen-carbon lance is primarily utilized in electric furnace smelting operations. Typically, it is referred to as the door carbon lance of the electric furnace, though there are also instances where it is installed on the furnace wall. The carbon-oxygen gun positioned at the furnace door features two water-cooled nozzles. Some configurations employ two separate water-cooled oxygen guns, while others utilize a combined oxygen gun.

In the case of the former, with two individual oxygen guns, they are arranged around the area. One is a Laval supersonic oxygen gun, and the carbon gun is employed for straight-hole toner spraying. For the latter combined gun setup, two spray guns are arranged vertically, one above the other. The lower gun is a supersonic oxygen lance, also utilizing Laval spraying technology, while the upper one is the carbon gun.

Operational Process

During the smelting process, as the scrap metal gradually melts, the spray gun located at the furnace door is slowly inserted into the furnace. This approach offers several advantages over the traditional smelting process.

Advantages of Using Electric Furnace Carbon and Oxygen Lances

1. Enhanced Chemical Reactions in the Molten Pool: The carbon-oxygen lance injects oxygen into the molten pool at a supersonic speed of Mach 2. This high-speed injection alters the chemical equilibrium within the molten pool, leading to a significant increase in the amount of carbon monoxide (CO) produced.
2. Improved Foam Slag Smelting Conditions: Throughout the entire foam slag smelting process, the introduction of carbon injection improves the overall conditions. It reduces splashing, enhances the utilization rate of electricity, lowers noise levels, and ultimately improves the quality of the smelting output. Additionally, as the flue gas temperature rises, sufficient oxygen reacts with the carbon. Compared to traditional systems, where free oxygen is used for CO combustion during decarburization, the oxidizing atmosphere within the furnace is weaker. This reduction in the oxidizing environment leads to decreased consumption of electrodes and refractory materials.

In conclusion, the oxygen-carbon lance plays a crucial role in modern electric furnace smelting, offering a range of benefits that enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and improve product quality.

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