December 2, 2025
Transformers typically operate quietly under normal conditions. However, when unusual noises arise, it often serves as an indicator of potential faults. By attentively listening to the sounds emitted by a transformer, one can discern whether it is functioning properly or requires maintenance. This article delves into several common sound-related issues that may arise during transformer operation, particularly focusing on dry-type transformers, and explains how these sounds can help diagnose underlying problems.
If a transformer emits a louder-than-usual buzzing noise, yet its current and voltage readings remain normal, the likely cause is loose clamps or screws securing the core. This looseness can lead to vibrations in the silicon steel sheets, generating the buzzing sound. To resolve this issue, it is necessary to tighten the clamps and screws to ensure a secure fit.
When partial discharges occur within or on the surface of a transformer, a "crackling" sound may be heard. This is particularly noticeable at night or during rainy weather, when a blue corona or spark may be visible near the transformer bushing. Such signs typically indicate dirty porcelain or poor contact in the equipment wire clamps. If the discharge is due to electrostatic discharge from ungrounded components or contact discharge from tap switches, further inspection or shutdown of the transformer may be required to identify and rectify the problem.
A transformer emitting a sound reminiscent of boiling water, accompanied by temperature changes and a rise in oil level, likely indicates a winding short circuit fault or severe overheating caused by poor contact in the tap switch. In such cases, the transformer should be immediately shut down for thorough inspection to prevent further damage.
An uneven cracking sound emanating from a transformer suggests insulation breakdown either within the transformer or on its surface. This is a serious issue that necessitates immediate shutdown and inspection to prevent potential safety hazards and further deterioration of the transformer's condition.
The aforementioned sound problems are critical indicators that should not be overlooked. Failing to address these issues promptly can not only impair the transformer's performance but also significantly shorten its service life. Therefore, it is essential to develop a keen ear for these sounds and take appropriate action when they are detected. Regular maintenance and inspection routines should include listening for any abnormal noises, as this can provide valuable insights into the transformer's health and help prevent costly breakdowns and downtime.
In conclusion, by paying close attention to the sounds emitted by transformers, one can effectively identify and diagnose potential faults, ensuring their safe and efficient operation. We are a professional electric furnace manufacturer. For further inquiries, or if you require submerged arc furnaces, electric arc furnaces, ladle refining furnaces, or other melting equipment, please do not hesitate to contact us at susan@aeaxa.com
