Eight Classification Methods for Electric Arc Furnace Equipment

Eight Classification Methods for Electric Arc Furnace Equipment

Electric arc furnace (EAF) equipment can be categorized in numerous ways based on design and operational characteristics. Here are eight common classification methods:

(1) By Furnace Lining Refractory Type:

   Acid Electric Furnace: Lined with acidic refractories (e.g., silica).

   Alkaline Electric Furnace: Lined with basic refractories (e.g., magnesia, dolomite).

(2) By Furnace and Transformer Layout (Relative Position):

   Left-Hand Operation Furnace: The furnace is positioned to the left of the transformer.

   Right-Hand Operation Furnace: The furnace is positioned to the right of the transformer. (Note: The convention may be reversed in some regions, such as Japan.)

(3) By Current Type:

   AC (Alternating Current) Electric Furnace: Uses three-phase alternating current.

   DC (Direct Current) Electric Furnace: Uses direct current, typically with a single top electrode.

(4) By Specific Transformer Power Rating:

   Regular Power Electric Furnace

   High Power Electric Furnace

   Ultra-High Power (UHP) Electric Furnace

(5) By Scrap Preheating System:

   Shaft Furnace: Features a vertical shaft for continuous scrap preheating.

   Twin-Shell Furnace: Alternates between two shells for scrap preheating and melting.

   Continuous Scrap Preheating Furnace: Incorporates a conveyor or other system for continuous preheating.

(6) By Tapping Method:

   Spout Tapping (Siphon) Electric Furnace: Taps through a traditional spout by tilting.

   Eccentric Bottom Tapping (EBT) Electric Furnace: Taps from an eccentric bottom hole, minimizing slag carryover.

(7) By DC Furnace Bottom Electrode Design:

   Pin-Type Air-Cooled DC Electric Furnace: Uses multiple pin-type, air-cooled bottom electrodes.

   Conductive Bottom Air-Cooled / Steel Rod Water-Cooled DC Electric Furnace: Employs a conductive furnace bottom (air-cooled) or water-cooled steel rods as the bottom electrode.

(8) By Furnace Roof and Shell Movement Mechanism:

   Top-Charging (Swing-Roof) Furnace: The furnace roof swings aside for charging.

   Lift-Off Roof Furnace: The entire roof is lifted vertically and moved.

   Rotating Roof Furnace: The roof rotates horizontally to expose the shell for charging.

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