Classification of Electric Arc Furnaces

Classification of Electric Arc Furnaces

Electric arc furnaces (EAFs) can be categorized based on various design and operational features as outlined below:

(1) By Refractory Lining Type  

- Acid-lined electric furnace  

- Basic-lined electric furnace  

(2) By Furnace and Transformer Arrangement  

- Left-hand operation furnace  

- Right-hand operation furnace  

(3) By Electrical Current Type  

- Alternating current (AC) electric furnace  

- Direct current (DC) electric furnace  

(4) By Power Rating  

- Normal power electric furnace  

- High power electric furnace  

- Ultra-high power electric furnace  

(5) By Scrap Preheating Configuration  

- Shaft furnace  

- Twin-shell furnace  

- Continuous scrap preheating furnace  

(6) By Tapping Method  

- Trough-tapping furnace  

- Eccentric bottom tapping (EBT) furnace  

(7) By DC Furnace Bottom Electrode Design  

- Air-cooled pin-type bottom electrode DC furnace  

- Air-cooled conductive furnace bottom DC furnace  

- Water-cooled steel rod bottom electrode DC furnace  

(8) By Furnace Movement Mechanism  

- Furnace-body swing/slide type  

- Roof swing/lift type  

- Roof-rotary type  

This classification illustrates the diversity in EAF designs, each tailored to meet specific operational needs and process efficiencies in modern steelmaking.

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